Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecología
marino; agua dulce; salobre demersal; rango de profundidad 1 - 16 m (Ref. 36453). Tropical; 7°N - 29°S, 55°W - 30°W
Western Atlantic: Suriname to Brazil.
Tamaño / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.5 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 102462); common length : 12.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 5217); peso máximo publicado: 177.96 g (Ref. 102462)
Espinas dorsales (total) : 0; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 55 - 60; Espinas anales: 0; Radios blandos anales: 40 - 44. Pectorals either vestigial or reduced to 1-2 rudimentary rays (Ref. 36453).
Found more abundantly on shallow soft bottoms of brackish estuaries or hypersaline lagoons. Enters freshwaters at least to an elevation of 10 m. Inhabits rivers and creeks and probably feeds on aquatic insects and crustaceans (Ref. 36880).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproducción | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva
Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez, 1992. Fichas FAO de identificación de especies para los fines de la pesca. Guía de campo de las especies comerciales marinas y de aquas salobres de la costa septentrional de Sur América. FAO, Rome. 513 p. Preparado con el financiamento de la Comisión de Comunidades Europeas y de NORAD. (Ref. 5217)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Herramientas
Special reports
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Fuentes de Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.6 - 28.1, mean 27.5 °C (based on 223 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01148 (0.00909 - 0.01450), b=3.13 (3.06 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Nivel trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
Resiliencia (Ref.
120179): Alto, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo inferior a 15 meses (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (11 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 255 [117, 432] mg/100g; Iron = 1.15 [0.57, 2.18] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [16.3, 19.0] %; Omega3 = 0.133 [0.061, 0.267] g/100g; Selenium = 35 [17, 74] μg/100g; VitaminA = 19.4 [6.3, 58.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.52 [1.01, 2.20] mg/100g (wet weight);