分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243). 熱帶
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and Persian Gulf to South Africa, east along the continental shores to western Pacific, from Japan to Australia (Ref. 11441). Southeast Atlantic: south coast of South Africa.
印度-西太平洋: 紅海與波斯灣到南非 , 東方沿著到西太平洋的大陸海岸, 從日本到澳洲。 (參考文獻 11441) 東南大西洋: 南非的南部海岸。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 559)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 11 - 13; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 10 - 12. Body covered with prickles. Prickles on back extending from nape to caudal peduncle (Ref. 559).
身体覆盖着刺。 刺背面从后颈到尾柄延伸。 (参考文献 559)
Mainly marine, occasionally enters estuaries (Ref. 4833). Occurs over sandy bottoms, often on coastal reefs; feeds on a variety of marine invertebrates (Ref. 68964).
主要海洋, 偶然地进入河口.(参考文献 4833)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Oviparous (Ref. 205).印度-西太平洋: 紅海與波斯灣到南非 , 東方沿著到西太平洋的大陸海岸, 從日本到澳洲。 (參考文獻 11441) 東南大西洋: 南非的南部海岸。
Smith, M.M. and P.C. Heemstra, 1986. Tetraodontidae. p. 894-903. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4919)
人类利用
渔业: 没有兴趣; 水族馆: 商业性
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 19.8 - 28.4, mean 26.7 °C (based on 1253 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02239 (0.01375 - 0.03645), b=2.86 (2.73 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
