分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) >
Rajiformes (Skates and rays)
鰩目 (Skates and rays) >
Rajidae (Skates)
鰩科 (Skates)
More on authors: Müller & Henle.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 10 - 1500 m (Ref. 26346). 溫帶
Southwest Pacific: endemic to New Zealand.
西南太平洋: 紐西蘭的特有種。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm 59.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 118 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 26346); common length : 62.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9258); 最大年齡: 9 年 (Ref. 47618)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
Brown dorsally, mottled with white and black spots, and a large dark blotch on each wing; white ventrally (Ref. 26346).
Body shape (shape guide): other.
背部褐色的, 在每個翼上具有白色與黑色的斑點 , 與一個大的黑色斑塊色斑; 腹側白色的.(參考文獻 26346)
Inhabit the continental shelf and upper slope (Ref. 26346); usually in coastal waters (Ref. 9258). Found partially buried in sand (Ref. 26346). Feed on fish, shellfish, crabs, and worms (Ref. 114953, 26346). Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsules are 10.2-12.7 cm long and 6.3-8.3 cm wide (Ref. 41249, 41308).
棲息於大陸棚與上層斜坡;(參考文獻 26346) 通常在沿岸水域。 (參考文獻 9258) 發現身體的一部分埋藏在沙子中.(參考文獻 26346) 捕食魚，貝，螃蟹，與蠕蟲。 (參考文獻 26346) 卵生的。 明顯的成對出現。 幼魚可能傾向跟隨大的個體, 例如他們的母親.(參考文獻 205) 卵為長方形鞘囊具有僵硬的觸角沈積在沙灘或泥灘的角落.(參考文獻 205) 卵鞘是 10.2-12.7 公分長與 6.3-8.3 公分寬的.(參考文獻 41249,41308)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Young hatching at about 18-20 cm (Ref. 26346). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205).西南太平洋: 紐西蘭的特有種。
McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 22 June 2017
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
工具
特別的報告
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (參考文獻
123201): 7.4 - 12.6, mean 9.2 °C (based on 95 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00302 (0.00141 - 0.00645), b=3.24 (3.07 - 3.41), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 3.7 ±0.57 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 6.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (59 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (70 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 4.7 [0.7, 81.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.238 [0.022, 2.862] mg/100g; Protein = 14.8 [12.3, 17.9] %; Omega3 = 0.808 [0.354, 1.936] g/100g; Selenium = 20.5 [4.3, 103.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.51 [0.33, 51.42] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.31 [0.02, 3.49] mg/100g (wet weight);
