ສະພາບແວດລ້ອມ: ສະພາບແວດລ້ອມ / ເຂດດິນຟ້າອາກາດ / ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ / ຂອບເຂດການແຈກຢາຍ
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
ສັດທະເລ ອາໄສຢູ່ໃກ້ໜ້າດິນໃຕ້ພື້ນທ້ອງນ້ຳ; ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ 20 - 400 m (Ref. 35388). Subtropical; 60°N - 15°N, 18°W - 36°E
Northeast Atlantic: British Isles south to Senegal (baie du Lévrier) and the Mediterranean.
ຄວາມຍາວໃນການເຕີບໂຕເຕັມຄັ້ງທໍາອິດ / ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / ອາຍຸ
ການຈະເລີນເຕັມໄວ: Lm ?, range 14 - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm SL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 35388); common length : 14.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 3397); ອາຍຸສູງສຸດທີ່ເຄຍລາຍງານມາ: 14 ປີ (Ref. 32766)
ຄີ (ໜາມ)ແຂງຢູ່ຫຼັງປາ (ທັງໝົດ) : 0; ຄີຫຼັງຂອງປາ (ຄີອ່ອນ) (ທັງໝົດ) : 0. Upper eye less than its own diameter from dorsal profile of head. Anterior nostril on blind side not enlarged, its distance from front margin of head about twice in its distance from cleft of mouth. Anterior nostril on eyed side with backward-pointing tube reaching to front border of lower eye. Pectoral fin on eyed-side small, on blind side reduced.
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep; Cross section: compressed.
Inhabits mud or sand bottoms. Feeds on a wide range of small bottom-living organisms, mainly crustaceans (amphipods, shrimps), also polychaete worms and bivalve mollusks (Ref. 4710). Utilized as a food fish.
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott, 1991. World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537)
ສະຖານະພາບບັນຊີແດງຂອງ IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ໄພຂົ່ມຂູ່ຕໍ່ມະນຸດ
Harmless
ການນໍາໃຊ້ຂອງມະນຸດ
ການປະມົງ: ເປັນສີນຄ້າ
ເຄື່ອງມື
ບົດລາຍງານພິເສດ
ດາວໂຫລດ XML
ແຫຼ່ງອີນເຕີເນັດ
ການຄາດຄະເນໂດຍອີງໃສ່ແບບຈໍາລອງ
ອຸນຫະພູມທີ່ຕ້ອງການ (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ
123201): 7 - 16, mean 10.3 °C (based on 434 cells).
ດັດຊະນີຄວາມຫຼາກຫຼາຍທາງຊີວະພາບ (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00687 - 0.01007), b=3.05 (3.01 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ
69278): 3.3 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ
120179): ຂະໜາດກາງ, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງເທົ່າ 1.4 - 4.4 ປີ (K=0.37; tm=3; tmax=14).
ຄວາມສ່ຽງຕໍ່ການຫາປາ (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
🛈
ຄວາມສ່ຽງດ້ານສະພາບອາກາດ (Ref.
125649): Low vulnerability (9 of 100).
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ທາດອາຫານ (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 109 [39, 241] mg/100g; Iron = 1.02 [0.44, 2.16] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [16.5, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.199 [0.104, 0.365] g/100g; Selenium = 37.1 [18.3, 80.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.2 [2.1, 30.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.664 [0.428, 0.992] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.