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Teleostei > Cyprinodontiformes (Rivulines, killifishes and live bearers) 鱂形目 (Rivulines, killifishes and live bearers) > Poeciliidae (Poeciliids) 花鱂科 (Poeciliids) > Poeciliinae
Etymology: Gambusia:Gambusia: From the Cuban term, Gambusino, which means "nothing", usually in the context of a joke or a farce. Fishing for gambusinos = when one catches nothing (Ref. 45335); affinis:affinis meaning related (Ref. 10294). More on authors: Baird & Girard.
North and Central America: Mississippi River basin from central Indiana and Illinois in USA south to Gulf of Mexico and Gulf Slope drainages west to Mexico. One of the species with the widest range of introductions which acquired for itself a near pan-global distribution (Ref. 1739). Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction. 中美洲與北美洲: 密西西比河流域從美國印地安那州中部與伊利諾州南至墨西哥灣，而且海灣斜坡流域西至墨西哥。 一個魚種具有最廣的分佈範圍為自己獲得一個接近全球的分布的引入.(參考文獻 1739) 引入後的一些國家報告不利的生態衝擊。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm? range ? - ? cm Max length : 5.1 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 50932); 7.0 cm TL (female); common length : 3.9 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大年齡: 3.00 年 (Ref. 796)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 7 - 9; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 9 - 10. Origin of dorsal fin opposite 7th anal ray. Length of anal base much less than half distance from caudal. 8 horizontal scale rows between back and abdomen. Ventrals terminate immediately before anal fin. Pelvic fins reach ventrals. Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: circular. 在體全長的中央的背鰭起點。 生殖足長度超過頭部,在末端不彎曲了。 在背面與腹部之間的 8 水平的鱗片列。 腹面在臀鰭正前方結束。 腹鰭達到腹面。
Most abundant in lower reaches of streams (Ref. 44091). Adults inhabit standing to slow-flowing water; most common in vegetated ponds and lakes, backwaters and quiet pools of streams. They are found frequently in brackish water (Ref. 5258). Pelagic and surface predatory fish (Ref. 94816). They feed on zooplankton, small insects and detritus (Ref. 5258, 10294). Used as live food for carnivorous aquarium fishes. Viviparous (Ref. 5258, 30578). Effective in mosquito control and widely introduced, but found to compete with indigenous fish and to upset the ecological balance (Ref. 6351).
The species is viviparous (Ref. 5258). Internal fertilization is possible because the anal fin of the male is modified into a copulatory organ. The females carries about 30 alevins and gestation lasts for a period of 24 days (Ref. 6348) to a month (Ref. 30578).中美洲與北美洲: 密西西比河流域從美國印地安那州中部與伊利諾州南至墨西哥灣，而且海灣斜坡流域西至墨西哥。 一個魚種具有最廣的分佈範圍為自己獲得一個接近全球的分布的引入.(參考文獻 1739) 引入後的一些國家報告不利的生態衝擊。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
