Pelmatolapia mariae, Spotted tilapia : gamefish, aquarium

Pelmatolapia mariae (Boulenger, 1899)

Spotted tilapia
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 Gambar | imej Google
Image of Pelmatolapia mariae (Spotted tilapia)
Pelmatolapia mariae
foto/gambar oleh Muséum-Aquarium de Nancy/D. Terver

klasifikasi / Nama Nama-nama umum | Sinonim (persamaan) | Catalog of Fishes(Marga, Jenis) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies) > Cichlidae (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Eponymy: Mary Henrietta Kingsley (1862–1900) was an ethnographic and scientific writer and explorer. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Boulenger.

Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi Ekologi

; air tawar; payau dasar (demersal); pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: 5 - 19. Tropical; 20°C - 25°C (Ref. 1672); 9°N - 2°N, 9°W - 11°E (Ref. 55202)

Penyebaran Wilayah | Daerah-daerah FAO | Ekosistem | Kemunculan | peta titik | Introduksi | Faunafri

Africa: coastal lagoons and lower river courses from the Tabou River (Côte d'Ivoire) to the Kribi River (Cameroon), but absent from the area between the Pra River (Ghana) and Benin (Ref. 53405). Also recorded from the lower Ntem, Cameroon (81260).

Ukuran / Berat / umur

Kematangan: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 32.3 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 81260); common length : 17.5 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 12193); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 1.4 kg (Ref. 40637)

deskripsi pendek Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik

Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 15 - 17; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 13 - 15; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 10 - 11. Diagnosis: body rather elevated (body depth 46.9-51.6% SL) (Ref. 53405). Head profile rounded (Ref. 81260). Outer teeth on jaws bicuspid (Ref. 53405), gracile (Ref. 81260) and spatulated (Ref. 53405, 81260). Lower pharyngeal jaw teeth relatively small and narrow near posterior border of bone, forming an almost felt-like covering (Ref. 81260). Micro-gillrakers present; adults (> 150 mm) with a series of dark blotches in the middle of the flanks (sometimes body entirely blackish) (Ref. 53405, 81260). Juveniles with 7-9 large vertical bands (Ref. 53405). Ventral scales with central red spot; 12 or more rakers on lower limb of first gill arch (Ref. 81260).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.

Biologi     Daftar kata (contoh epibenthic)

Live in still or flowing waters in rocky or mud-bottom areas (Ref. 44894). Occur in warm springs and mud-bottomed to sand-bottomed canals (Ref. 5723). Clearly prefers a herbivorous diet, including algae, higher plants and parts of cassava, but also accepts insects and shrimps (along with their eggs) (Ref. 52307). Consume plant matter. Reache sexual maturity at 10-15 centimeters length. Parents prepare nest site on logs, leaves and other debris. Prolific species (Ref. 52307). The eggs (600-3300 per female) are guarded by the parents and hatch in 1-3 days. Larvae need 6-8 additional days to develop before they can swim freely (Ref. 52307). Parental care of the brood continues until the fish are about (1.5 cm, Ref. 52307) 2.5-3.0 centimeters (Ref. 44894). Occurs in mixed groups composed of individuals of varying size/age, along with individuals of other species (Ref. 52307). Pair-bonding, open (Ref. 52307) substrate brooder (Ref. 52307, 81260) with both parents guarding the brood (Ref. 52307). Maximum size was recorded at 39.4 cm TL (Ref. 40637).

Siklus hidup dan perilaku kawin Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fekunditas | Larva

Produces up to 2000 eggs.

rujukan utama Unggah referensi Anda | Acuan | Koordinator : Kullander, Sven O. | mitra

Dunz, A.R. and U.K. Schliewen, 2013. Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the haplotilapiine cichlid fishes formerly referred to as "Tilapia". Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 68(1):64-80. (Ref. 93285)

Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  kurang bimbang (LC) ; Date assessed: 16 October 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

ancaman kepada manusia

  Harmless





penggunaan manusia

Ikan buruan: ya; Akuarium: Komersial
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

informasi lanjut

Ekologi trofik
Item makanan (mangsa)
Komposisi makanan
Konsumsi makanan
Ransum makanan
Pemangsa
Ekologi
Ekologi
Dinamika populasi
Parameter pertumbuhan
Maks. usia / ukuran
Panjang-berat rel.
Panjang-panjang rel.
ukuran frekuensi
Konversi massa
pemulihan
Kelimpahan
Siklus hidup
Reproduksi, perkembang biakan
Kematangan
Kedewasaan / insang rel.
Fekunditas
Pemijahan
Agregasi pemijahan
telur-telur
pekembangan telor
Larva
Dinamika larva
Penyebaran
Wilayah
Daerah-daerah FAO
Ekosistem
Kemunculan
Introduksi
BRUVS - Video
Anatomi
Area insang
Otak
Otolith
Fisiologi
Komposisi tubuh
Nutrisi
Konsumsi oksigen
Jenis renang
Kecepatan berenang
Pigmen visual
Suara ikan
Penyakit & Parasit
Toksisitas (LC50)
Genetika
genom
Genetika
Heterozigositas
Diturunkan
Keanekaragaman Genetik
Yang berhubungan dengan manusia
Sistem akuakultur
profil budidaya air
Strain
Kasus Ciguatera
Perangko, koin, dll.
Penjangkauan
mitra
Taksonomi
Nama-nama umum
Sinonim (persamaan)
Morfologi
Morfometrik
Gambar
Acuan
Acuan

Alat, peralatan

E-book | Penuntun lapangan | Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | tanda freqkuenci panjang | peringkat sejarah hidup | peta titik | Tangkap-MSY |

laporan khas

semak penyelenggaraan akuarium | semak helaian fakta spesis | semak helaian fakta aqulcalture

muat turun XML

ringkasan halaman | Data titik | Nama-nama umum | fotos/gambar

Sumber internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | semak peneliti ikan | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Marga, Jenis | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Akuarium publik | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: pergi, Cari | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Catatan Zoologi

Estimasi berdasarkan model

Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan 82804):  PD50 = 0.7500   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01585 (0.01361 - 0.01845), b=3.00 (2.96 - 3.04), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan 69278):  3.5   ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 2.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.
Daya lenting (Acuan 120179):  sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Fec = 2,000).
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (28 of 100). 🛈
Nutrisi (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 195 [105, 334] mg/100g; Iron = 1.41 [0.84, 2.69] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [17.1, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.247 [0.139, 0.509] g/100g; Selenium = 47.5 [28.7, 82.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.7 [4.6, 38.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.8 [1.3, 2.7] mg/100g (wet weight);