Klassifizierung / Names  				 
				Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes(Gattung, Arten) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa				
			
				
				 Elasmobranchii (Haie und Rochen) (sharks and rays) > 
Torpediniformes (Electric rays) > 
Torpedinidae (Electric rays)						
							
							Etymology: Torpedo: Latin, torpere = be sluggish (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Eduard Suess (1831–1914) was an Austrian palaeontologist, geologist and malacologist. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Steindachner.						
					 
			
			
			
			
				
					Environment: milieu / climate zone / Tiefenbereich / distribution range					
						Ökologie					
				
				
				
					seewasser demersal. Tropical; 12°N - , 43°E -  (Ref. 114953)				
				 
			
			
			
				
				
				
					Western Indian Ocean:  known from the type locality, harbor of Perim, at Mocca (Mocho), Red Sea.
				
				
			
			
				
					Size / Gewicht / Alter
				
				
				
					Geschlechtsreife: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
 Max length : 23.2 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 83892); 29.1 cm TL (female)				
				 
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Biology little known. Probably reaches ca. 40 cm TL; males mature before 23 cm TL (Ref. 114953).			
			 
			
			
			
				
					Life cycle and mating behavior					
					Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fecundity | Larven				
				
				
				
				Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).				
				 
			
			 
				
				
				
					de Carvalho, M.R., M.F.W. Stehmann and L.G. Manilo, 2002. Torpedo adenensis, a new species of electric ray from the Gulf of Aden, with comments on nominal species of Torpedo from the western Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea, and adjacent areas (Chondrichthyes: Torpediniformes: Torpedinidae). Am. Mus. Novit. 3369:1-34. (Ref. 83892)
				
				 
			
			
			
							
					
						IUCN Rote Liste Status   (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
					
					
				 
					
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				
					Bedrohung für Menschen  
				
				
				
					  Harmless				
				
			 
			
			
			
			
				
					Nutzung durch Menschen  				
				
				
									
				
				
			
			
						
			
			
			
				
Tools
				
			
			
			
				
Zusatzinformationen
 
				
			
			
			
				
Download XML
				
			
			
			
				
					Internet Quellen
				
				
			
			
			
				
					Estimates based on models				
				
				
				
				
				
					
					Phylogenetic diversity index  (Ref. 
82804):  PD
50 = 0.5005   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].					
													Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01479 (0.00665 - 0.03288), b=2.96 (2.77 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 
93245).
					
					Trophic level  (Ref. 
69278):  4.1   ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives					
											
				
				
										
						Widerstandsfähigkeit  (Ref. 
120179):  niedrig, Verdopplung der Population dauert 4,5 - 14 Jahre. (Live bearer with low fecundity.).					
											
				
									
					Fishing Vulnerability  (Ref. 
59153):  Low vulnerability (19 of 100). 
🛈